Ventilating buildings



' (No Model.)

F. AfPILLING. VENTILATING BUILDINGS; A No. 292,444. v "Patented Jan. 22, 1884.

UNITED STATES j PATENT OFF CE.-

FRANKLIN ALBERT PILLING, OF COLESVILLE, MARYLAND. I

VENTILATING BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent No. 292,44, dated January 22, 1884 Application filed July 20, i883. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN ALBERT I FILLING, of. Oolesville, Montgomery county,

Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Ventilating Buildings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention is applicable to the ventilation of dwelling-houses, public buildings.

churches, &c-., and is particularly adapted for use in buildings of two or more stories in height.

In carrying out my invention, 'pure atmospheric air is admitted into an apartment in such a manner as to permit it to ascend to the ceiling, and then descend and press down upon the vitiated or impure air, and thus expel it from the apartment through an opening near the floor, preferably leading to an ordinary chimney or flue. The invention is so arranged as to discharge pure air from a common inlet pipe or duct a required distance above the floor of each apartment situated in the several stories of the building, the main inlet i e or duct havin an area in cross-section I) p 2:

at its base equal to the combined area of the delivery-pipes, and proportionately decreasing in area-as it ascends.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional elevation of a building of four stories, comprising my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a part' of said building, also showing the application of the invention. I

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in both figures.

A is a building of four stories in height, the stories being indicated by a b c d, respectively.

The main inlet pipe or duct is shown by B,

its lower end, e, opening into the outer air near the foundation of the building. The area of the pipe B in cross-section decreases as it rises. Three branch or air-delivery pipes are shown by f, g, and -h, each connecting with the main pipe or duct B, and opening into the first, second, and third stories of the building.

The pipe B, on entering the fourth or topstory, need not necessarily be provided with a branch, but may deliver the air into the G is an ordinary chimney or flue. Opei1 ings from theseveral apartments into said chimney or flue are shown by 2', i, i, and 2", said openings being situated near the floors of the several apartments. Said openings may be covered by suitable gratings, and, if desired, provided with registers. Ordinary open fire-places will serve the purpose of the said openings, and, if there isno chimney or flue in the room to be ventilated, a pipe must be used and connected with the nearest chimney.

The operation of the invention is as follows: The atmospheric air entering at e rises within the pipe B, and bodies of air are delivered from the branch pipes fg, 850. ,into the several apartments,theai r, ascendingfrom said branch pipes in unbroken columns and striking the ceilings, is diffused over the whole upper surface ofthe ceilings or top of the rooms. Being heavier than heated air, the pure air will descend, and, pressing on the heated, impure, and lighter air, will force it throughthe openings 1' I2, 850. The amount of air admitted is regulated by the use of the dampers in the several branch pipes; The admission of air to any apartment may be entirely out off by closing the damper of the branch pipe leading into said apartment. By having the bottom or base of the pipe B of greater cross-sectional area than the top, a

suflicient volume of air will enter said pipe to permit the lower branch-pipes to be opened to their fullest extent without in any Way dimin- 'ishing or affecting the volume necessary for the branches of the floors above.

This invention will automatically and efficiently ventilate the different apartments of a building, and the Ventilation of each apartment is placed readily within the control of any occupant of the room.

I claim as my in-venti on- 1. The combination, with a building, of amain inlet pipe or duct opening into the outer air near the base of said building, decreasing in cross-sectional area toward the top, and provided with branch or delivery pipes open ing into the several apartments of the building, situated in its various stories, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a building, of amain inlet pipe or duet opening to the outer air near the base of said building, decreasing in cross-sectional area toward the top, and provided with branch or delivery pipes and dampers for discharging and regulating the admission of air to the various apartn'ients of said building, situated in its various stories substantially as set forth.

3. A main inlet pipe or duet openingto the outer air near the base of a building decreas- FRAXKLIX ALBERT PILLING.

\Vitnesses:

\V. '1. Corn, PHILIP MAURO. 

